The holotype MPMA 27-0001/02 consists of three caudal vertebrae and the partial pelvic girdle. nov., discovery in the Municipality of Monte Alto, western São Paulo State. In this contribution we describe a new abelisaurid theropod (Dinosauria) from this unit, namely Kurupi itaata gen.
Hence, the Marília Formation has a very sparse vertebrate fossil record without named species so far. This formation consists predominantly of paleosols developed in a semiarid/arid environment and recent reappraisal of its formerly known members reduced its lithological composition and geographical distribution. The Late Cretaceous Marília Formation (Bauru Group, Bauru Basin) is a geological unit that occurs on São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Goiás, and Mato Grosso do Sul states, Brazil. Examination of these vertebral traits in evolutionary context reveals a progressive sequence of increasing caudofemoral mass and tail rigidity among the Abelisauridae of South America. However, the tightly interlocking morphology of the anterior caudal vertebrae implies a reduced ability to make tight turns. caudofemoralis suggests that Carnotaurus sastrei had the potential for great cursorial abilities, particularly short-burst sprinting. caudofemoralis served as the primary femoral retractor muscle during the locomotive power stroke. In most non-avian theropods, as in many extant sauropsids, the M. caudofemoralis than any other theropod yet studied. Digital muscle models indicate that, relative to its overall body size, Carnotaurus sastrei had a substantially larger M. caudofemoralis of advanced South American abelisaurids originated from a portion of the caudal ribs. Distinct ridges on the ventrolateral surfaces of the caudal ribs of Aucasaurus garridoi are interpreted as attachment scars from the intra caudofemoralis/ilio-ischiocaudalis septa, and confirm that the M. This unique morphology facilitated the expansion of the caudal hypaxial musculature at the expense of the epaxial musculature. In the South American abelisaurids Carnotaurus sastrei, Aucasaurus garridoi, and, to a lesser extent Skorpiovenator bustingorryi, the anterior caudal ribs project at a high dorsolateral inclination and have interlocking lateral tips.
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